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The Encyclopedia of Horology

Movement record · France

Japy Frères ébauche

Partially verified

Rough movements made by machine in large quantities and sold unfinished to watch and clock establishers, who fitted escapements, jewelling, dials and cases.

Technical specifications

Diameter
Supplied in many sizes
Height
Varies by size
Jewels
Supplied unjewelled or partly jewelled, to be finished by the buyer
Frequency
Not applicable as supplied; determined on finishing
Power reserve
Determined by the finished movement
Winding
Supplied for key wind or keyless finishing
Setting
Determined on finishing
Escapement
Supplied without escapement on many ébauches; cylinder and lever both common when finished
Balance
Fitted at finishing
Complications
None as supplied

Identification features

  • Japy stamps and exhibition medal marks on plates, when present
  • A Japy ébauche mark records who made the rough movement, not who made the finished watch or clock

Known variants

  • Watch ébauches
  • Clock movements

Servicing notes

Because finishing varied by establisher, no single parts specification applies; components generally have to be matched to the individual movement.

General guidance only. Antique movements should be serviced by a qualified watchmaker.

Historical significance

One of the clearest surviving records of the ébauche system, in which making and finishing a movement were separate trades.

Diagram

top plate or bridgespillar platebalance and cockwheel train between the plates
Schematic: plate and bridge layout. An outline schematic drawn to show the arrangement of the parts discussed here. It is not a dimensioned working drawing and does not depict a particular maker's calibre.

Sources & references

  1. Histories of the Franche-Comté watch and clock trade
  2. Exhibition medal stamps record awards, not dates of manufacture.

Where sources disagree, the disagreement is stated rather than resolved silently.